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Can we migrate COVID-19 spreading risk?

Qingyan Chen

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1328-8

摘要： Abstract It is well recognized that Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus could be spread through touch and large droplets. However, we may have under-estimated the disease transmission by small droplets or aerosols that contain SARS-CoV-2 virus. Social distancing in public transport vehicles, such as airplanes, is not feasible. It is also not possible to wear masks in restaurant. This paper recommended wearing masks in airplanes and use partition screens in the middle of a table in a restaurant to reduce the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. Advanced ventilation systems, such as personalized ventilation and displacement ventilation, are strongly recommended for transport vehicles and buildings.

关键词： Airborne transmission     Ventilation     Masks     Partitions    

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Erratum to: Optimized determination of airborne tetracycline resistance genes in laboratory atmosphere

Lu Song, Can Wang, Yizhu Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1289-y

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Advances in airborne microorganisms detection using biosensors: A critical review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1420-8

摘要：

Humanity has been facing the threat of a variety of infectious diseases. Airborne microorganisms can cause airborne infectious diseases, which spread rapidly and extensively, causing huge losses to human society on a global scale. In recent years, the detection technology for airborne microorganisms has developed rapidly; it can be roughly divided into biochemical, immune, and molecular technologies.

关键词： Biosensor     Airborne microorganisms     Microbiological detection technology    

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医疗机构中用于控制空气传播传染病的个体患者通风隔离罩 Review

J. Patel, F. McGain, T. Bhatelia, S. Wang, B. Sun, J. Monty, V. Pareek

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第15卷 第8期   页码 126-132 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.12.024

摘要：

作为一种局部排气通风（LEV）系统，个体患者通风（VIP）隔离罩用于将患者的空气排放物与医护人员（HCW）呼吸的空气进行分离，为减少医院获得性感染（HAI）提供了一种新的途径。最近的研究结果表明，对于典型的患者排放的气溶胶，VIP 隔离罩提供的保护与N95 口罩相当。与口罩不同的是，隔离罩的性能可以被很容易地监控，HCW可以通过警报收到故障提醒。适当使用这些相对简单的设备既可以减少感染控制对个人防护设备（PPE）的依赖，又可以为医院和诊所提供低成本、高能效的防护形式。尽管新冠病毒肺炎（COVID-19）加速了VIP 隔离罩的开发和部署，但这些设备目前仍是一项不成熟的技术。本文描述了VIP隔离罩的现状，并确定了需要进一步开发的方面，包括设备设计和相关使用规则。VIP隔离罩的概念可扩展为为个体患者提供清洁的条件和对其他环境因素如温度和湿度进行个性化控制。

关键词： 新冠病毒肺炎     个体患者通风隔离罩     空气传播     医护人员     传染病    

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The size distribution of airborne bacteria and human pathogenic bacteria in a commercial composting plant

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1356-4

摘要：

•Bacterial concentrations from eight stages were 104–105copies/m3.

关键词： Size distribution     Airborne bacteria     Biological diversity     Human pathogenic bacteria     Composting plants    

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Optimized determination of airborne tetracycline resistance genes in laboratory atmosphere

Lu Song, Can Wang, Yizhu Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1274-5

摘要： Abstract • Sampling parameters with high efficiency was determined. • Operational process to detect airborne ARGs was optimized. • Providing research basis to control airborne ARGs of a laboratory atmosphere Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been detected in various atmospheric environments. Airborne ARGs transmission presents the public health threat. However, it is very difficult to quantify airborne ARGs because of the limited availability of collectable airborne particulate matter and the low biological content of samples. In this study, an optimized protocol for collecting and detecting airborne ARGs was presented. Experimental results showed that recovery efficiency tended to increase initially and then declined over time, and a range of 550–780 copies/mm2 of capture loading was recommended to ensure that the recovery efficiency is greater than 75%. As the cell walls were mechanically disrupted and nucleic acids were released, the buffer wash protects ARGs dissolution. Three ratios of buffer volume to membrane area in buffer wash were compared. The highest concentrations of airborne ARGs were detected with 1.4 µL/mm2 buffer wash. Furthermore, the majority of the cells were disrupted by an ultrasonication pretreatment (5 min), allowing the efficiency ARGs detection of airborne samples. While, extending the ultrasonication can disrupt cell structures and gene sequence was broken down into fragments. Therefore, this study could provide a theoretical basis for the efficient filter collection of airborne ARGs in different environments. An optimized sampling method was proposed that the buffer wash was 1.4 µL/mm2 and the ultrasonication duration was 5 min. The indoor airborne ARGs were examined in accordance with the improved protocol in two laboratories. The result demonstrated that airborne ARGs in an indoor laboratory atmosphere could pose the considerable health risk to inhabitants and we should pay attention to some complicated indoor air environment.

关键词： Airborne tetracycline resistance genes     Filter sampling     Capture loading     Membrane pretreatment     Indoor laboratory atmosphere    

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高空风能蓄势待发

Peter Weiss

《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第2期   页码 107-109 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.12.002

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Airborne bacteria associated with particulate matter from a highly urbanised metropolis: A potential

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1552-5

摘要：

• The airborne bacteria of Mexico City are representative of urban environments.

关键词： Airborne bacteria     Urbanisation     PM10     Mexico City     Microbiome    

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Erratum to “After Highflyer Crashes, Airborne Wind Energy Regroups” [Engineering 7 (2021) 277–279]

Peter Weiss

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第10期   页码 1506-1506 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.08.004

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Choosing configurations of transmission line tower grounding by back flashover probability value

Dmitry KUKLIN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 213-226 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0398-6

摘要： There is a considerable number of works devoted to electrical characteristics of grounding. These characteristics are important in general. However, in application to grounding of transmission line towers they are not enough to determine what grounding construction is preferable in some particular case, because these characteristics are calculated or measured apart from the grounded object, and only limited number of current (or voltage) source waveforms is used. This paper indicates reasons in favor of the fact that to choose the optimum design of grounding, the calculation model should include the tower as it is. The probability of back flashover, which provides both qualitative and quantitative estimate of the grounding structure efficiency, can be taken as the criterion for the grounding design. The insulation flashover probability is calculated on the basis of engineering method, which evaluates breakdown strength of insulation for nonstandard waveshapes, and probability data on lightning currents. Different approaches are examined for identifying the back flashover probability, as not only amplitudes but also other parameters can be taken into account. Finite-difference time-domain method is used for calculations of transients. It is found that lightning current waveform can greatly influence calculated back flashover probability value.

关键词： grounding     transmission line tower     back flashover probability     FDTD method    

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A CFD study of the transport and fate of airborne droplets in a ventilated office: The role of droplet

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1465-8

摘要：

• Coulomb and Lennard−Jones forces were considered for droplet interactions.

关键词： Droplet interactions     Aerosols     Colloids     CFD     Transport     Fate    

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Effects of heavy rainfall on the composition of airborne bacterial communities

Gwang Il Jang, Chung Yeon Hwang, Byung Cheol Cho

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1008-0

摘要： Wet deposition scavenges particles and particle-associated bacteria from the air column, but the impact of raindrops on various surfaces on Earth causes emission of surface-associated bacteria into the air column. Thus, after rainfall, these two mechanisms are expected to cause changes in airborne bacterial community composition (BCC). In this study, aerosol samples were collected at a suburban site in Seoul, Korea before and after three heavy rainfall events in April, May, and July 2011. BCC was investigated by pyrosequencing the 16S rRNA gene in aerosol samples. Interestingly, the relative abundance of non-spore forming operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was always higher in post-rain aerosol samples. In particular, the absolute and relative abundances of airborne always increased after rainfall, whereas those of airborne , including and , consistently decreased. Marine bacterial sequences, which were temporally important in aerosol samples, also decreased after rainfall events. Further, increases in pathogen-like sequences were often observed in post-rain air samples. Rainfall events seemed to affect airborne BCCs by the combined action of the two mechanisms, with potentially adverse effects on human and plant health.

关键词： Aerosol     Bacteria     Community composition     Pyrosequencing     Rain    

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基于SINS/GNSS的航空矢量重力测量数据处理方法研究

宁津生

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第3期   页码 4-13

摘要：

航空矢量重力测量是未来高效测定中高频地球重力场信息的先进技术，与地面重力测量、海洋重力测量和卫星重力测量技术相互补充。本文介绍了基于捷联惯性导航系统/全球卫星导航系统（SINS/GNSS）的航空矢量重力测量的原理，重点讨论了航空矢量重力测量的数据预处理、数据归算、带限地形影 响、向下延拓及大地水准面确定等问题，为发展我国航空矢量重力测量技术提供参考。

关键词： 航空矢量重力测量     SINS/GNSS数据融合     地球重力场     大地水准面    

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Recent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China: the implication of molecular epidemiology

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 76-83 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0609-5

摘要：

Tuberculosis (TB) has remained an ongoing concern in China. The national scale-up of the Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course (DOTS) program has accelerated the fight against TB in China. Nevertheless, many challenges still remain, including the spread of drug-resistant strains, high disease burden in rural areas, and enormous rural-to-urban migrations. Whether incident active TB represents recent transmission or endogenous reactivation has helped to prioritize the strategies for TB control. Evidence from molecular epidemiology studies has delineated the recent transmission of ( ) strains in many settings. However, the transmission patterns of TB in most areas of China are still not clear. Studies carried out to date could not capture the real burden of recent transmission of the disease in China because of the retrospective study design, incomplete sampling, and use of low-resolution genotyping methods. We reviewed the implementations of molecular epidemiology of TB in China, the estimated disease burden due to recent transmission of strains, the primary transmission of drug-resistant TB, and the evaluation of a feasible genotyping method of strains in circulation.

关键词： tuberculosis     recent transmission     molecular epidemiology     China    

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Antibiotic resistome mostly relates to bacterial taxonomy along a suburban transmission chain

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1466-7

摘要：

• The α-diversities of resistome were lower in manure and compost than in soils.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance genes     Resistome     Bacterial taxonomy     Transmission chain    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Can we migrate COVID-19 spreading risk?

Qingyan Chen

期刊论文

Erratum to: Optimized determination of airborne tetracycline resistance genes in laboratory atmosphere

Lu Song, Can Wang, Yizhu Wang

期刊论文

Advances in airborne microorganisms detection using biosensors: A critical review

期刊论文

医疗机构中用于控制空气传播传染病的个体患者通风隔离罩

J. Patel, F. McGain, T. Bhatelia, S. Wang, B. Sun, J. Monty, V. Pareek

期刊论文

The size distribution of airborne bacteria and human pathogenic bacteria in a commercial composting plant

期刊论文

Optimized determination of airborne tetracycline resistance genes in laboratory atmosphere

Lu Song, Can Wang, Yizhu Wang

期刊论文

高空风能蓄势待发

Peter Weiss

期刊论文

Airborne bacteria associated with particulate matter from a highly urbanised metropolis: A potential

期刊论文

Erratum to “After Highflyer Crashes, Airborne Wind Energy Regroups” [Engineering 7 (2021) 277–279]

Peter Weiss

期刊论文

Choosing configurations of transmission line tower grounding by back flashover probability value

Dmitry KUKLIN

期刊论文

A CFD study of the transport and fate of airborne droplets in a ventilated office: The role of droplet

期刊论文

Effects of heavy rainfall on the composition of airborne bacterial communities

Gwang Il Jang, Chung Yeon Hwang, Byung Cheol Cho

期刊论文

基于SINS/GNSS的航空矢量重力测量数据处理方法研究

宁津生

期刊论文

Recent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China: the implication of molecular epidemiology

null

期刊论文

Antibiotic resistome mostly relates to bacterial taxonomy along a suburban transmission chain

期刊论文